SHEEP 

Sheep are produced in either range or farm flocks. In range production, flocks of 1,000 to 1,500 ewes are common. In farm flocks, production is usually small. Sheep are raised for their wool or as feeder lambs for the slaughter market. Lambs are docked, and most male lambs are castrated.

Flock vaccinations: Vaccinations are an important part of a flock health management program. They provide inexpensive "insurance" against diseases that can commonly affect sheep and lambs.

Fencing: Fencing is usually the largest capital expenditure on a sheep farm. In many cases, existing fence can be modified for sheep-raising. Two types of fencing are required on sheep farms: perimeter and interior fencing.

Perimeter fencing is usually installed around the boundary of the property (or grazing area) and is the first line of defense against predators.

Interior fences (or cross fences) are used to subdivide fields into smaller areas (paddocks) for grazing.

While an interior fence does not need to deter predators, it does need to be good enough to keep weaned lambs away from their dams and/or rams away from ewes. Temporary fencing can be used to enclosed areas for temporary grazing (e.g. a corn or , wheat field),

Feeding   and   watering   equipment:

Feeders are a necessity for almost all livestock enterprises. Feeding on the ground results in considerable feed wastage and contributes to the spread of disease, especially internal parasites and abortion. If sheep are able to stand in their feed or Feeders, they may defecate and/or urinate in the feed. Feeders need to be raised off the ground and constructed in such a way to keep sheep and lambs out.

Housing: Housing needs for sheep vary by climate, season(s) of lambing, and management preferences of the shepherd. If lambing will occur during periods of inclement weather, more elaborate housing is usually required. If lambing will occur on pasture during periods of mild weather, simple shelters may be all that is needed.

Terms used in sheep management Ram: adult male sheep Ewe: adult female sheep Lamb: young sheep Wether: castrated male sheep Mutton: meat from adult sheep Lambing: act of parturition

	Diseases	Prevention	Control
1	Anthrax	Vaccination	Drug
2 .	Brucellosis	Improve hygiene, vaccinate	Mass slaughter of affected animals
3	Food and mouth disease	Restrict movement of affected animals	Mass slaughter of affected animals
4	Rinderpest	Vaccinate at 6 months	Mass slaughter of affected animals
5	Rabies	Vaccinate dogs at 3 months	Slaughter affected animals
6	Red water, heart water	Control tick infestation	Injection
7	Tuberculosis	Cough and respiratory distress	Cull animal for slaughter, injection
8.	Bottle jaw	Deworm regularly	Deworm and use antibiotics
9	Foot rot	Regular feet cleaning, foot bath	Foot bath with drugs
10	Mastitis	Keep udder clean and free from infestation	Use antibiotics
11	Pneumonia	Better nutrition and clean environment	Use drug or antibiotics
12	Tetanus	Control wound and injuries	Use drugs
13	Salmonellosis	Better nutrition and clean environment	Use drugs
14	Worm infestation	Regular deworming	Use drugs
15	Heat/sun stroke	Avoid overworking animal in the sun	Provide cool water, saline water
16	Bloat	Avoid access to young lush green leguminous plants	Apply liquid paraffin, expel gas in rumen, give bloat remedy
17	Diarrhoea	Disinfect premises	Use antibiotics